基于图像重组和比特置乱的多图像加密

针对现有多图像加密算法只能同时加密多张同类型同大小的图像,适用范围不广、实用性差等问题,提出一种基于图像重组和比特置乱的多图像加密算法.该算法通过将任意数量、不同大小和不同类型的图像重新组合成新多灰度图,一次完成同时加密,极大提高了加密效率和适用范围.首先,依次提取所有待加密图像像素值重新组合出N张m×n新灰度图,并将其转化成m×n×8N二进制矩阵.然后,采用3D比特置乱方式,对高位页进行行列比特置乱,低位页进行整页比特置乱.最后,进行异或扩散操作,得到密文图像.高低位分开置乱提高了算法的抗噪声能力,最终密文信息熵达到7.999以上,很好地掩盖了明文的统计特性.构造一种新型Logistic与广义三阶Fibonacci级联的混沌系统产生随机序列,增加了初值和控制参数范围,扩大了密钥空间,使其达到8×10^84以上,极大地提高了抗穷举攻击能力.既提高了序列随机性,又同时保留了低维混沌系统的快速性.结合明文哈希值(SHA-256)产生密钥,明文像素值发生微小改变后密文像素值变化率达到0.996以上,极大地提高了的明文敏感性和算法抗选择明文攻击的能力.实验分析表明,提出的多图像加密算法安全性高、实用性强.     

钴镍取代杂多酸盐甘氨酸超分子化合物的合成及性质

Supermolecular compounds of glycine monosubstituted heteropolytungstates isomer with Keggin structure β_i-K_6-n(HGly)_n[SiW₁₁M(H₂O)O₃₉]·xH₂O (M=Co²⁺, Ni²⁺； β_i=β₂, β₃) were synthesized and characterized by means of elementary analysis, IR, UV, TG-DTA, X-ray diffraction, polarography and CV. The results indicate that glycin combines the electrostatic effect with heteropolytungstates isomer. The heteropoly anion still remains its Keggin structure in supermolecular compounds. The electrochemical behavior of the compound in 1 mol·L^-1 HAc-NaAc shows that two redox waves correspond to two two-electron processes attributing to the reduction of [SiW₁₁Co(H₂O)O₃₉]^6-. Steady-state fluorescence spectrum shows two intenser fluorescence emission peaks in 447 nm and 486 nm appeared after the supermolecular compound being excited by the excitation wavelength in 274 nm.     

单氨基取代3∶1不对称酞菁锌的合成及其在有机溶剂中聚集状态的研究

Monoamino substituted asymmetrical phthalocyanine zinc(Ⅱ), 2-amino-9,10,16,17,23,24-hexapentyloxy phthalocyanine zinc(Ⅱ), was synthesized by statistical condensation and characterized by elemental analysis, UV-Vis, IR and TOF-MS. The aggregative behavior was studied in DMF, THF and CH₂Cl₂. The results show that it is not aggregateve in DMF and THF, whereas form dimer in CH₂Cl₂ at 8 × 10^-7～8 × 10^-6 mol·L^-1. The equilibrium constant for the dimer was calculated at the same time, indicating that the less polar solvent is unfavorable for the presence of the monomer.     

Theoretical Study on the Reaction Mechanism of Ketene CH2CO with Isocyanate NCO Radical

The bimolecular single collision reaction potential energy surface of an isocyanate NCO radical with a ketene CH2CO molecule was investigated by means of B3LYP and QCISD（T） methods. The computed results indicate that two possible reaction channels exist on the surface. One is an addition-elimination reaction process, in which the CH2CO molecule is attacked by the nitrogen atom at its methylene carbon atom to lead to the formation of the intermediate OCNCH2CO followed by a C-C rupture channel to the products CH2NCO＋CO. The other is a direct hydrogen abstraction channel from CHzCO by the NCO radical to afford the products HCCO＋HNCO. Because of a higher barrier in the hydrogen abstraction reaction than in the addition-elimination reaction, the direct hydrogen abstraction pathway can only be considered as a secondary reaction channel in the reaction kinetics of NCO＋ CH2CO. The predicted results are in good agreement with previous experimental and theoretical investigations.     

蒙脱土表面键合配位体固相萃取填料的制备及其对重金属离子的吸附性能

通过酸洗、硅烷偶联剂表面活化、键合苯甲酰异硫氰酸酯对蒙脱土进行改性,制得新型固相萃取(SPE)材料。 采用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱表征了改性蒙脱土的结构和形貌。 考察了制备的SPE填料对水中As³⁺、Bi³⁺、Cu²⁺、Sb³⁺、Sn²⁺和Pb²⁺的吸附性能,确定了最佳固相萃取条件,对6种金属离子吸附容量分别为10.83、11.92、12.67、10.43、10.01及10.54 mg/g。 通过SPE与电感耦合等离子体质谱联用测定了样品中As³⁺、Bi³⁺、Cu²⁺、Sb³⁺、Sn²⁺和Pb²⁺ 6种重金属离子的含量,检出限分别为0.024、0.013、0.075、0.037、0.011和0.064 μg/L。     

The research on temperature measurement based on polarization dependent loss

This paper analyzes the properties of reflected polarization dependent loss of apodized fiber Bragg gratings with temperature effective. We simulates reflected spectrum and polarization dependent loss of the apodized fiber Bragg gratings. The reflected spectrum and polarization dependent loss are measured under different temperatures. The analysis results show that reflected polarization dependent loss presents two peaks which shift an equal proportion to long wavelength with temperature increasing and have very good stability so we propose an idea that use polarization dependent loss as temperature sensor measurement parameters. The results show that the accuracy of measurement can be increased almost by one order of magnitude.     

Wander of a Gaussian-Beam Wave Propagated Through a Non-Kolmogorov Turbulent Atmosphere

Both increasing experimental evidence and some results of theoretical investigation have shown that there exist two kinds of turbulence in the aerosphere, Kolmogorov and non-Kolmogorov turbulence. Thus, it is necessary to improve the theory of optical wave propagation through atmospheric turbulence, namely, study the laser-beam propagation in non-Kolmogorov turbulence, before analyzing the joint influence of the Kolmogorov turbulence and non-Kolmogorov one on satellite laser communication. The beam wander will lead to the performance degradation of satellite laser communication systems and exert an influence on the achievement and stability of its links. In this paper, we consider a theoretical power spectrum of refractive-index fluctuations with a generalized power law in order to derive the variance of Gaussian-beam wave wander in weak turbulence for a horizonal path and analyze the influence of spectral power-law variations on the beam wander. We show that the expression for the beam-wander variance is of concise closed form and independent of the optical wavelength.     

水稳定的镁掺杂ZnO量子点:一锅法合成及细胞成像应用

一锅法合成了镁掺杂的ZnO量子点, 利用APTES对其进行表面包覆, 并采用XRD、TEM、UV-Vis、PL和FTIR等对材料进行了表征。结果表明镁掺杂能明显增强荧光发光强度, 在合适的掺杂浓度(30%)下其量子产率由11%增加到33%。通过APTES的表面包覆使镁掺杂的ZnO量子点具有良好的水溶性和荧光稳定性, 可用于MCF-7细胞成像研究。     

大麻中3种酚类成分测定专用固相萃取柱的设计与应用

大麻中的主要成分大麻二酚(CBD)、大麻酚(CBN)和Δ9-四氢大麻酚(Δ9-THC)的含量决定了其性质和应用。在液相色谱分析中,由于大麻提取液中含有较多杂质,需要净化。该文基于大麻中CBD、CBN和Δ9-THC的结构特征及样品基质组成,根据中性氧化铝、硅酸镁和石墨化炭黑的不同表面特征,考察了这3种吸附剂对大麻提取液中叶绿素、多糖、高级脂肪酸酯及重金属离子的去除率和对3种大麻酚的回收率,确定了3种吸附剂的用量分别为1.80 g、0.15 g、0.05 g混合装填成的2 g/6 mL小柱为3种大麻酚类化合物测定的专用固相萃取柱。该小柱对大麻乙酸乙酯-甲醇提取液样品中CBD、CBN和Δ9-THC的回收率分别为98.9%, 95.7%和99.2%,对叶黄素、叶绿素a和叶绿素b的去除率分别为96.3%、99.2%和95.5%,对总糖的去除率为98.5%,对脂肪酸甘油酯的去除率为96.9%,对重金属离子的平均去除率为85.4%。优化了色谱分析条件,采用Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱(50 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm),在1%乙酸水溶液-乙腈(30∶70, v/v)流动相条件下等度洗脱,流速为0.5 mL/min,柱温为30 ℃,检测波长为210 nm,进样量为1 μL,在10 min内可完成样品分析。方法学考察表明,在0.5~50 mg/L范围内,CBD、CBN和Δ9-THC的液相色谱峰面积与其质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(R²)分别为0.9983、0.9995和0.9981,检出限分别为0.45 μg/L、0.53 μg/L和0.38 μg/L,加标回收率为90.3%~97.0%、93.7%~95.6%、90.8%~96.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为2.2%~6.1%、4.1%~8.0%、2.4%~4.8%。研究结果表明,该文以中性氧化铝、硅酸镁和石墨化炭黑制作的复合型大麻酚类成分测定专用固相萃取柱在大麻植物中3种酚类化合物的测定中具有净化杂质、防止色谱柱污染的功能。由于大麻不同部位的化学成分存在差异,在后续的研究中,还要进一步考察小柱对其他杂质的去除情况,使得制备的固相萃取小柱更具有普适性。     

服役温度对多壁碳纳米管/Li1.18Ni0.15Co0.15Mn0.52O2复合正极材料性能的影响

通过煅烧的方式制得多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)质量分数为3%的MWCNT/Li1.18Ni0.15Co0.15Mn0.52O2锂离子电池复合正极材料,并测试了复合正极材料在不同服役温度环境下的电化学性能:-20和60℃下服役时,其放电容量分别高达169、303 mAh·g^-1,且展示出良好的倍率性能和循环稳定性。结合电化学阻抗测试结果可知,MWCNT均匀附着在层状粒子的表面,有效减少了电解液对电极材料的侵蚀,阻碍了表面膜的生成,同时提高了材料的电子电导率。